Tails includes an automatic mechanism to upgrade a USB stick to the latest version of Tails. When an automatic upgrade is performed, only an upgrade package is downloaded. The upgrade package contains all the changes made to Tails since Tails was first installed or was last manually upgraded.

In some cases, it is impossible to do an automatic upgrade and you might have to do a manual upgrade. This page describes both techniques.

To learn how Tails implements automatic upgrades, see our design documentation about automatic upgrades.

Your Persistent Storage will be preserved by both automatic and manual upgrades.

If you use Tails from a DVD, you need to burn a new DVD.

  1. Checking which version of Tails you are currently running
  2. Automatic upgrade using Tails Upgrader
    1. Troubleshooting
    2. Reducing the size of the download
  3. Manual upgrade using Tails Installer
    1. Download and upgrade
    2. Upgrade by cloning from another Tails

Checking which version of Tails you are currently running

To check which version of Tails you are currently running, choose Applications ▸ Tails ▸ About Tails.

Automatic upgrade using Tails Upgrader

After starting Tails and connecting to Tor, Tails Upgrader automatically checks if upgrades are available and then proposes you to upgrade your USB stick. The upgrades are checked for and downloaded through Tor.

這個方式有以下的優點：

  • You only need a single Tails USB stick. The upgrade is done on the fly from a running Tails. After upgrading, you can restart and use the new version.
  • The upgrade is much smaller to download than a full USB image.
  • The upgrade mechanism includes cryptographic verification of the upgrade. You don't have to verify the USB image yourself anymore.

需求：

  • A Tails USB stick.
  • 網路連線。

After connecting to Tor, if an upgrade is available, a dialog appears and proposes you to upgrade your USB stick.

如果要進行昇級，請點擊 立即昇級, 然後依照昇級過程的指示操作

如果你無法自啟動時更新 (例如在離線的狀況下 ), 你可以在終端器下打開 Tails Upgrader ，然後執行以下指令：

tails-upgrade-frontend-wrapper

Troubleshooting

If an error occurs during the upgrade, the assistant proposes you to read one of the following pages:

If your Tails USB stick fails to start after an automatic upgrade, see below how to do a manual upgrade.

Reducing the size of the download

When doing automatic upgrades, the size of the download increases over time.

You can reduce the size of the download of future automatic upgrades by doing a manual upgrade to the latest version.

Your Tails USB stick stores:

  • 1 base version that you first installed or to which you last did a manual upgrade
  • 1 upgrade package containing all the changes made to Tails since the base version

For example, if you install a Tails USB stick with 4.6, the base version is 4.6, and:

  • The upgrade to 4.7 is 181 MB. - The upgrade to 4.8 is 347 MB. - The upgrade to 4.9 is 418 MB.

But if you do a manual upgrade of the same USB stick from 4.7 to 4.8, the base version becomes 4.8, and then:

  • The upgrade to 4.9 is only 205 MB, instead of 418 MB when 4.6 was the base version.

Manual upgrade using Tails Installer

It might not always be possible to do an automatic upgrade as described above. For example, when:

  • 我們的網站上並未提供此版本的自動昇級更新。

  • The automatic upgrade is impossible for technical reasons (not enough memory, not enough free space on the USB stick, etc.). For example, if you get the following error message:

     there is not enough free space on the Tails system partition

  • The automatic upgrade failed and you need to repair a Tails USB stick.

  • You want to upgrade by cloning from another Tails USB stick which is already up-to-date, for example, when working offline or with a slow Internet connection.

After connecting to Tor, a dialog informs you if you have to upgrade your USB stick using Tails Installer to a newer version of Tails.

You can also do a manual upgrade to reduce the size of future automatic upgrades, as described above.

To do a manual upgrade, you can either:

Download and upgrade

You need:

  • Your Tails USB stick
  • Another empty USB stick (at least 8 GB) Why?
  • 需一小時下載 Tails ( 1.3 GB )
  • ½ hour to upgrade

X

See our instructions on how to do a manual upgrade by:

Downloading and upgrading from Windows might be less secure if your Windows has viruses. But, it might be more convenient and faster.

Upgrade by cloning from another Tails

If you know someone you trust who already did the upgrade, you can upgrade your Tails by cloning from their Tails.

You need:

  • Your Tails USB stick - Another up-to-date Tails (USB stick or DVD) - ¼ hour to upgrade

See our instructions on how to do a manual upgrade by: