Introducción a LUKS

Puedes crear otros volúmenes cifrados usando LUKS para cifrar, por ejemplo, otra memoria USB o un disco duro externo. LUKS es el standard para el cifrado en Linux.

• Discos GNOME te permite crear volúmenes cifrados.
• El escritorio de GNOME te permite abrir volúmenes cifrados.

Comparación entre LUKS y VeraCrypt

You can also open VeraCrypt encrypted volumes in Tails. VeraCrypt is a disk encryption tool for Windows, macOS, and Linux. See our documentation about VeraCrypt.

We recommend you use:

• VeraCrypt to share encrypted files across different operating systems.
• LUKS to encrypt files for Tails and Linux.

1. See the difference between file containers and partitions.

2. Plausible deniability: in some cases (for example, with VeraCrypt hidden volumes), it is impossible for an adversary to technically prove the existence of an encrypted volume.

   Still, deniable encryption might not protect you if you are forced to reveal the existence of the encrypted volume. See:

   • VeraCrypt: Plausible Deniability
   • Security-in-a-Box: Creating a hidden volume

Crea una partición cifrada

Choose Applications ▸ Utilities ▸ Disks to open GNOME Disks.

Identifica tu dispositivo de almacenamiento externo

Disks lists all the current storage devices on the left side of the screen.

1. Introduce el dispositivo de almacenamiento externo que quieres usar.

2. Un nuevo dispositivo aparece en la lista de dispositivos de almacenamiento. Haz click en él:

   

3. Check that the description of the device on the right side of the screen corresponds to your device: its brand, its size, etc.

Formatea el dispositivo

1. Click on the button in the titlebar and choose Format Disk… to erase all the existing partitions on the device.

2. En el diálogo Formatea Disco:

   • Si quieres borrar todos los datos del dispositivo con seguridad, elige Sobreescribir los datos con ceros en el menú desplegable Borrar.

   • Elige Compatible con todos los sistemas y dispositivos (MBR/DOS) en el menú desplegable Tipo.

   Then click Format….

3. In the confirmation dialog, make sure that the device is correct. Click Format to confirm.

Crea una nueva partición cifrada

Now the schema of the partitions in the middle of the screen shows an empty device:

1. Click on the button to create a new partition on the device.

2. Configure the various settings of your new partition in the partition creation assistant:

   • En la pantalla Crear partición:

     • Partition Size: you can create a partition on the whole device or only on part of it.

       In the example below, we are creating a partition of 4.0 GB on a device of 8.1 GB.

   • En la pantalla Formatear Volumen:

     • Volume Name: you can give a name to the partition. This name remains invisible until the partition is open but can help you to identify it during use.

     • Erase: you can choose to securely erase all data on the partition.

       Secure deletion does not work as expected on USB sticks and SSDs (Solid-State Drives). Choose instead to overwrite existing data on the whole device when formatting the device.

       See also our warning about secure deletion on USB sticks and SSDs.

     • Type: choose Internal disk for use with Linux systems only (Ext4) and Password protect volume (LUKS).

   • En la pantalla de Configurar contraseña:

     • Password: type a passphrase for the encrypted partition and repeat it to confirm.

     Haz click en Crear.

   • Creating the partition takes from a few seconds to a few minutes. After that, the new encrypted partition appears in the volumes on the device:

     

   • If you want to create another partition in the free space on the device, click on the free space and then click on the button again.

Usa la nueva partición

Puedes abrir esta nueva partición desde la barra lateral del explorador de archivos con el nombre que le diste.

After opening the partition with the file browser, you can also access it from the Places menu.

Abrir una partición cifrada existente

When plugging in a device containing an encrypted partition, Tails does not open the partition automatically but you can do so from the file browser.

1. Choose Places ▸ Computer to open the file browser.

2. Da click en la partición cifrada que quieres abrir en la barra lateral.

   

3. Enter the passphrase of the partition in the password prompt and click Unlock.

4. After opening the partition with the file browser, you can also access it from the Places menu.

5. To close the partition after you finished using it, click on the button next to the partition in the sidebar of the file browser.

Guardar documentos delicados

Such encrypted volumes are not hidden. An attacker in possession of the device can know that there is an encrypted volume on it. Take into consideration that you can be forced or tricked to give out its passphrase.

Abrir volúmenes cifrados desde otros sistemas operativos

Es posible abrir estos volúmenes cifrados desde otros sistemas operativos, pero hacerlo podría comprometer la seguridad que da Tails.

Por ejemplo, las imágenes en miniatura podrían ser creadas y guardadas por otro sistema operativo. O, los contenidos de los archivos podrían ser indexados por el otro sistema operativo.

Cambia la frase contraseña de una partición cifrada existente

To open GNOME Disks choose Applications ▸ Utilities ▸ Disks.

1. Plug in the external storage device containing the encrypted partition that you want to change the passphrase for.

2. The device appears in the list of storage devices. Click on it:

   

3. Check that the description of the device on the right side of the screen corresponds to your device: its brand, its size, etc.

4. Click on the partition displaying a at the bottom-right corner.

5. Haz click en el botón button and choose Change Passphrase…